The dog rose, also called wild rose or rose hip, is a deciduous shrub in the Rosaceae family. Its arching stems reach 1 to 3 m and carry curved prickles. The compound leaves have five or seven toothed leaflets. Simple white or pale-pink flowers appear in spring and early summer, followed by orange or red rose hips in autumn.
It is useful in hedges, wildlife planting, and bird habitat. The hips are the main harvest, but their internal hairs and seeds must be removed carefully.
Dog rose is widely distributed through Europe, North Africa, and western Asia. It has long been part of agricultural and woodland hedges, providing shelter and food for birds. Rose hips were traditionally made into preserves, drinks, and syrups, especially during autumn and winter. The common name does not mean the plant is safe for dogs.
Rose-hip flesh contains vitamin C, carotenoids, polyphenols, and fibre, although levels vary with species, maturity, and processing. The seeds are surrounded by irritating hairs. Never eat whole hips without cleaning and straining them.
Pick rose hips when fully coloured but still firm. Chill them briefly, then remove the seeds and hairs before making purée, jam, or tea. Cut flowers last only a short time in water. Handle fruiting branches with gloves.
Pay special attention to: Aphid, red spider mite, scale insect, rose sawfly, powdery mildew, rust, black spot.
Dog rose offers simple flowers for pollinators and hips for birds. In an urban garden, place it at the edge of the plot and away from narrow paths. The name rose hip can refer to fruit from several Rosa species, so identify the plant before harvesting.
